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The Tevatron proton–antiproton collider at Fermilab with its centre of mass energy of 1.96 TeV is currently the only source for the production of top quarks. Its increased luminosity and centre of mass energy in Run II allow both collider detectors CDF and D\(0\) to study top quarks with unprecedented scrutiny. Recent results on the top quark’s pair production cross section and its properties such as mass, electric charge, helicity of the \(W\) boson in its decay and branching fraction B(\(t \rightarrow Wb\)) are presented and probe the validity of the Standard Model.

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In this document we present the status of the searches for the electroweak production of top quarks (single-top-quarks) at the CDF and D\(\emptyset \) experiments at the Tevatron.

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The four-fermion neutral current processes were studied in DELPHI experiment at LEP collider. The results are based on data collected in 1997–2000 at the energy range 183 GeV–209 GeV. The final results for \(ZZ\) pair production, \(Z \gamma ^*\), single \(Z/\gamma ^*\) production and study of anomalous triple neutral boson couplings are already published. Within the experimental uncertainties, the results confirm the predictions of the electroweak theory.

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We present here a study on the determination of the effective weak mixing angle, \(\sin ^{2}\theta ^{\rm lept}_{\rm eff}\) from the measurement of the forward–backward asymmetry with a high a statistical precision, 10\(^{-4}\). To reach such a precision it is necessary to identify the electrons in the forward regions of the ATLAS detector. It is demonstrated that one can reach an electron-jet rejection of more than 100 with an efficiency on electron reconstruction better than 50%, by using a multivariate analysis.

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We will study the \(Z\) boson production and its decay to an electron–positron pair. This work is devoted to the dependence of the invariant mass, rapidity and \(p_{\rm T}\) of the \(Z\) boson created in \(pp\) interactions on kinematic cuts applied on its secondaries.

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Thin Gap Chamber (TGC) is a technology which is used in the endcap region of ATLAS spectrometer for triggering muons. On both sides of the interaction point, three disc-shaped stations with a diameter of 24 m are placed. Each station consists of 12 sectors, in total 72 sectors are assembled on the surface and integrated in the ATLAS cavern. The sector assembly project started in March 2005 and completed in August 2007. All six discs were integrated by the end of September 2007. The commissioning task for the assembled sector was performed intensively, as a result, the rate of dead channel was controlled at the level of 10\(^{-4}\), and all chambers are working stably with normal operation condition in the pit.

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We describe the current status of a few tests of the Standard Model using high-precision measurements in the leptonic sector. In particular, lepton universality after recent measurements of the \(\tau \) lepton mass as well as muon anomalous magnetic moment are discussed. Also reported are recent measurements of the \(R\) value in the charmonium and bottomonium energy ranges.

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In the past decade non-accelerator experiments have discovered neutrino oscillations and made precise measurements of neutrino mixing parameters. I will review the phenomenon of neutrino oscillation and describe what non-accelerator experiments have revealed about neutrino masses and mixings.

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Long baseline neutrino experiments have confirmed atmospheric neutrino oscillations and improved the parameter measurement. The unknown \(\theta _{13}\) neutrino mixing angle and other neutrino physics will be studied by the current and next generation long baseline neutrino experiments. In this article, a review of the experimental results is presented. I will focus on the MINOS experiment which is currently running to improve the measurements of neutrino oscillations. The future prospects of long baseline neutrino experiments are also described.

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We present the status and scientific programme for SNOLAB, a new International Facility for Astroparticle Physics, presently nearing completion 2 km underground in Canada.

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OPERA (Oscillation Project with Emulsion tRacking Apparatus) is an international collaboration (Europe–Asia) aiming to give the first direct proof of \(\nu _{\tau }\) appearance in a pure \(\nu _{\mu }\) beam, in order to validate the \(\nu _{\mu }\rightarrow \nu _{\tau }\) atmospheric oscillation hypothesis. OPERA has already obtained good results with electronic detectors during the first CNGS run in August 2006, and neutrino interactions have been observed in OPERA-like target with the PEANUT test beam at Fermilab in 2005.

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The CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) comprises 75 848 Lead Tungstate scintillating crystals. The barrel part of ECAL consists of 36 supermodules of 1 700 crystals each. During summer 2006, nine of them were exposed to an electron beam, allowing us to determine intercalibration coefficients for all crystals and to study the response and the energy resolution. These measurements will be presented, showing that the calorimeter performance is in agreement with the design resolution.

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LHCb, one of the experiments of the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, has been designed for high-precision measurements of the parameters of the CKM quark-mixing matrix, and for studies of rare \(B\)-hadron decays. An essential part of the experiment is an efficient system of particle identification, effective over a momentum range of 1–100 GeV/\(c\). For this we use two ring imaging Cherenkov detectors with three Cherenkov radiators. Photons in the wavelength range 200–600 nm are detected by 484 pixel hybrid photon detectors.

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The latest \(B\)-physics results obtained in the experiments at the Tevatron are presented. They include an observation of new \(B\) baryons, new measurements of lifetime of \(B\) hadrons, and the properties of \(B_{\rm s}^0\) meson.

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I review the present knowledge of the off-diagonal parameters of the Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa quark mixing matrix.

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We present here the update of the Unitarity Triangle (UT) analysis in the Standard Model (SM). Combining the direct measurements on sides and angles of the UT, we determine the values of the CKM parameters \(\bar {\rho }\) and \(\bar {\eta }\). Then we generalize the analysis to include possible physics beyond the SM and, in Minimal Flavour Violation (MFV) scenarios, we translate the analysis results into lower limits on the NP scale.

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A review of recent results on kaon physics is presented. Firstly, results on kaon semileptonic decays are summarised and a value for the CKM matrix element \(V_{us}\) is extracted, compatible at \(1 \sigma \) with that expected from CKM unitarity. Then precision data on \(K_{l3}\) and \(K_{l2}\) decay rates are presented and tests for new physics searches are discussed. Finally, preliminary results on the \(K_{e4}\) decay \(K^\pm \rightarrow \pi ^+ \pi ^- e^\pm \nu \) are summarised. The \(\pi \pi \) scattering lengths \(a^0_0\) and \(a^2_0\) is extracted from the \(K_{e4}\) phase shift and from the slope change in the \(M^2_{00}\) distribution of \(K^\pm \rightarrow \pi ^0 \pi ^0 \pi ^\pm \) decays.

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New results on properties and decays of open charm and charmonium states are reviewed. The emphasis is on examples that illustrate the various aspects through which studies of charm physics impact the field.

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Recently, the BaBar collaboration presented evidence for \(D^0-{\overline {D}}{}^0\) mixing in \(D^0 \rightarrow K^{+}\pi ^{-}\) decays from 384 fb\(^{-1}\) of \(e^+e^-\) colliding-beam data recorded near \(\sqrt {s}=10.6\) GeV. The reported mixing parameters are \({x^\prime }^2 = [-0.22 \pm 0.30({\rm stat.})\pm 0.21 ({\rm syst.})]\times 10^{-3}\) and \(y^{\prime } = [9.7 \pm 4.4 ({\rm stat.})\pm 3.1 ({\rm syst.})] \times 10^{-3}\) with correlation coefficient \(-0.94\). This excludes the no-mixing hypothesis at the 3.9 \(\sigma \) level. Earlier results from the BELLE collaboration excluded the no-mixing hypothesis at the 2 \(\sigma \) level and are consistent with BaBar’s. Combining these results, the no-mixing hypothesis is excluded at the 4 \(\sigma \) level. No evidence for CP violation is observed.

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The present paper reports on the evidence for \(D^0\)–\(\overline {D}{}^0\) mixing. We searched for mixing in two processes using 540 fb\(^{-1}\) of data recorded by the BELLE detector at the KEKB \(e^+e^-\) collider. In the first case, we measured the apparent lifetime for \(D^0\) meson decaying to CP eigenstates \(K^+K^-\) or \(\pi ^+\pi ^-\), and the lifetime in the \(D^0\) decays to \(K^-\pi ^+\). From the difference of the two lifetimes, the mixing parameter \(y_{\rm CP}\) is found to be \(y_{\rm CP}=(1.31\pm 0.32({\rm stat.})\pm 0.25({\rm syst.}))\%\), 3.2 standard deviations from zero. In the second measurement, we analyzed the time dependent Dalitz plot for the \(D^0 \to K_{\rm s}^0\pi ^+\pi ^-\) decays, from which the mixing parameters \(x=\left (0.80\pm 0.29^{+0.09\,+0.15}_{-0.07\,-0.14} \right )\%\) and \(y=\left (0.33\pm 0.24^{+0.07\,+0.08}_{-0.12\,-0.09} \right )\%\) are determined; the errors are statistical, experimental systematic, and systematic due to the Dalitz decay model, respectively. We also searched for a CP asymmetry between \(D^0\) and \(\overline {D}{}^0\) decays, and found no evidence for it.

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This is a review of the experimental data concerning the energy spectrum, the arrival distribution and the composition of cosmic rays with energies \(\geq 10^{17}\) eV. We discuss conditions for production of cosmic rays and expected effects for observation. Main recent results issued by observation of cosmic ray at high and very high energy will also be presented.

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AMS-02 is a multi-purpose spectrometer with superconducting magnet, designed for 3 years of data taking aboard the International Space Station. Its high performance regarding particle identification and energy measurement will allow performing indirect searches for dark matter (DM) in different channel simultaneously: gamma rays, positrons, antiprotons and hopefully antideuterons. A new spectrum generator, based on the public package micrOMEGAs, is used to determine the AMS-02 sensitivity to new physics. This note shows the example of the positron signal.

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Recent measurements of the inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) cross section performed by the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations at the HERA collider are presented. The measurements span a wide range in the absolute four momentum transfer squared, \(0.2\) GeV\(^2\lt Q^2\lt 30000\) GeV\(^2\), from the photoproduction to electroweak domain. A broad coverage in the Bjorken-\(x\) variable, \(10^{-5} \lt x \lt 0.6\), allows to study QCD for different regimes and also to determine the parton distribution functions for the LHC. An extension of the measurement to high inelasticity, \(y\gt 0.6\), gives an access to the proton longitudinal structure function \(F_{\rm L}\). A dedicated run with a reduced proton beam energy taken at the end of the HERA operation will allow to measure \(F_{\rm L}\) for the first time at HERA.

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The most important results on subnuclear diffractive phenomena obtained at HERA and Tevatron are reviewed and new issues in nucleon tomography are discussed. Some challenges for understanding diffraction at the LHC, including the discovering of the Higgs boson, are outlined.

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We present simulation results of \(\gamma \) + jet analysis using CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid) object-oriented software at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) center of mass energy \(\sqrt {s}=14\) TeV. Optimization of isolation cuts for direct photon and topology based study improves the signal over background ratio by \(\sim 42\%\) as compared to previous studies done in CMS.

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The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider is the world’s first polarized proton collider, providing collisions at \(\sqrt {s}=200\) GeV with increasing luminosity since 2002. We report on a program to investigate the polarization of the partons in the proton via hard partonic scattering. Results from 2005 and 2006 for inclusive jets from STAR and \(\pi ^0\)s from PHENIX are beginning to provide new significant constraints on \(\Delta G\), the first moment of the gluon helicity distribution. Future measurements at \(\sqrt {s}=500\) GeV will enable investigations of the polarization of sea quarks via \(W\) production.

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In this paper, I discuss some recent results obtained in Heavy Ion Collisions and what they tell us — or what questions they raise — about the physics of the system of quarks and gluons formed in these collisions.

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One of the phenomena to be studied on the LHC is the proton–antiproton asymmetry in heavy-ion and \(pp\) collisions. We will be able to study proton stopping and their spectra in plane perpendicular to the beam axis. Measurement of this observable will be possible with the ALICE detector at energies up to 14 TeV in \(pp\) and 5.5 ATeV in Pb–Pb collisions. Predictions of the value of proton–antiproton yields asymmetry can be made.

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We expect that the experimental study of percolation cluster formation and appearance of the critical transparency of the strongly interacting matter can give the information about the onset state of deconfinement.

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The high energy program of the HERA \(ep\) collider ended in March 2007, where data equivalent to an integrated luminosity of \(\sim \) \(0.5\) fb\(^{-1}\) has been collected by the H1 experiment. In this context, some of the most recent results from H1 about searches for new phenomena are presented.

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We investigate the leading one-loop electroweak corrections to the process \(pp\rightarrow b\bar {b}H\) in the SM. We find that the NLO electroweak correction to the total cross-section at the tree level is about \(-4\%\) if the Higgs mass is \(120\) GeV. In the limit of vanishing bottom Yukawa coupling the cross section is generated solely at the loop level. This contribution is very small at \(M_H\sim 120\) GeV and increases with growing Higgs mass, reaching about \(+17\%\) of the cross-section when the Higgs mass is about \(150\) GeV.

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This article describes a study of a measurement at the CMS detector of the CP-parity of the Higgs boson \({\mit \Phi }\) using angular correlations in the \({\mit \Phi }\!\rightarrow \!{ZZ}\! \rightarrow \!{e}^{+} {e}^{-} \mu ^{+} \mu ^{-}\) process. It will be shown that a measurement of the \(\xi \) parameter describing a generalized \({\mit \Phi }{ZZ}\) coupling, will be feasible at CMS.

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We study the complete one loop contribution to \(H^\pm \to W^\pm Z\) and \(H^\pm \to W^\pm \gamma \) in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM).

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The search for the Standard Model Higgs boson in the four lepton (electron and muon) final state with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is reviewed.

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This note presents the ATLAS trigger for taus, which is a challenging task in the LHC enviroment with its hard limitations on event processing time and rate of the output events which can be recorded.

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On the eve of the LHC startup, I review the current results from the highest energy colliders in operation, the Tevatron and HERA. Searches for physics beyond the Standard Model are presented, encompassing a wide variety of models and methods.

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We explore the possibility of detecting lepton flavour violation, now a well established experimental fact, at the International Linear Collider. Using a model independent approach we conclude that, given all experimental constraints available, there is still room to detect lepton flavour violation at the ILC.

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The CDF and D\(\emptyset \) experiments have carried out a wide range of Higgs searches, using an integrated luminosity of approximately 1 fb\(^{-1}\). As no significant excess of signal above the expected background is observed in any of the various final states examined, limits at \(95\)% confidence level (CL) are presented.