Regular Series


Vol. 13 (1982), No. 4, pp. 247 – 309


Quark Mixing in Chiral SU\(_n\times \) SU\(_n\) Broken Symmetry in the Limit of Exact SU\(_k\times \) SU\(_k\) Symmetry

abstract

The structure of chiral SU\(_n\times \) SU\(_n\) symmetry breaking in the limit of exact chiral SU\(_k\times \) SU\(_k\) symmetry \((k \lt n)\) is considered. The mixing angle is determined by the masses and decay constants of pseudoscalar mesons.


Superunification

abstract

We explore scenarios for exploiting supersymmetry in unified field theories. Supersymmetry must be broken at some level, and we discuss theories with different supergaps. in particular we review the possibility that the hierarchy problem may be alleviated in simply supersymmetric grand unified theories, thanks to certain non-renormalization theorems. Supersymmetric grand unified theories are not truly unified since the supersymmetry generators do not carry internal quantum numbers and gravity is not included. We therefore favour unification in extended supergravity theories, and analyze possible schemes of this type, including the possibility that one supersymmetry is retained down to low energies in the form of a supersymmetric GUT. A major problem of unification in extended supergravity theories is the disposal of unwanted helicity states, and we propose some new ideas for achieving this. Our favoured approach postulates the existence in the physical spectrum of infinite-dimensional unitary representations of the noncompact symmetry groups of extended supergravities. Such representations could enable the unwanted helicity states to be paired off, leaving a desirable spectrum of states with masses much less than the Planck mass.


Could the Unification of Fermionic Flavours and Generations Precede the Unification of Flavours and Colours?

abstract

We consider the hypothesis that the “big” unification of fermionic flavours and generations takes over the rôle of the “grand” unification of flavours and colours, possibly being followed by the “extended” unification of flavours, generations and colours. We propose a definite unification scheme of fermion interactions which differs from the conventional one by interchanging the rôles of four colours (\(l,r,y,b\)) and four generations (e,\(\mu ,\tau ,\omega \)), thereby implying the existence of the fourth fermion generation (\(\omega \)) consisting of two leptons (\(\nu _{\omega },\omega ^-\) and two quarks (h,o).


all authors

I. Adam, A. Budziak, Z. Gons, M. Gonusek, K.Ya. Gromov, T.A. Islamov, V.V. Kuznetsov, N.A. Lebedev, A.A. Tangabaev

Levels of \(^{162}\)Tm Excited in the Decay of \(^{162}\)Yb (T\(_{1/2} = 18.9\) min)

abstract

The decay of \(^{162}\)Yb (T\(_{1/2}\) 18.9 min) has been investigated with Ge(Li) and Si(Li) detectors, beta-spectrograph and beta-spectrometer with toroidal magnetic field. The single gamma-ray spectrum, the conversion electron spectrum, gamma-gamma and electron-gamma coincidences spectra have been measured. In all, 45 gamma-ray transitions have been observed. The decay scheme for \(^{162}\)Yb is proposed involving 18 excited states in \(^{162}\)Tm, 16 of which were previously unknown.


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