abstract

The influence of the intensity of matter evolution at the pre-thermal stage of heavy-ion collision on the observed particle spectra is investigated within the integrated hydrokinetic model (iHKM). The simulation results at different values of the thermalization time \(\tau _{\rm th}\) and the relaxation time \(\tau _{\rm rel}\), characterizing the thermalization rate, at the fixed initial time \(\tau _0\) are analyzed for the case of central Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC energy \(\sqrt {s_{NN}}=2.76\) TeV.

abstract

The volume of data acquired from Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors increases with emerging demands for soft X-ray measurement of hot plasma. In order to reach the expectations of the high-quality measurement, construction of high-throughput and low latency processing system is required. Overview and details of the current state-of-the-art of the developed system will be presented. The prepared solution consists of dedicated acquisition hardware, FPGA preprocessing and High Performance Computing devices used for numerical processing. Providing low-latency data transmission is based on PCI Express technology together with the dedicated Linux driver.

abstract

Yield of nuclear fragments in Au+\(p\), Au+Cu and Au+Au interactions for NICA (Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility) energy range is estimated using LAQGSM and Geant4 FTF models.

abstract

Data Quality Assurance plays an important role in many high-energy physics experiments, e.g. the ALICE experiment at Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in CERN. Currently used quality assurance methods rely heavily on manual labour and human expert judgements. This refers also to the Time Projection Chamber (TPC), one of the detectors employed by the ALICE experiment. To ease the burden of human quality label assignment, we investigated several state-of-the-art machine learning methods that can automate this process. The evaluated selection of the machine learning methods include artificial neural networks, support vector machines (with linear and non-linear kernels), as well as Random Forests and Naive Bayes Classifier. Our results for the TPC detector indicate, that over 75% of all data points classified by human experts, can be correctly evaluated without any human interaction using Random Forest classifier with over 95% precision.

abstract

Physics goals of the Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) require excellent particle identification (PID) capability over as large as possible phase-space volume. The identification of charged hadrons is achieved at the momenta of 0.1–3 GeV/\(c\). Results of hadron identification and preliminary possibility estimation of the study of event-by-event fluctuations at MPD are presented for the current PID phase-space coverage \(|\eta | \leq 1.6\).

abstract

In this work, the Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of \(p+p\) collisions at \(\sqrt {s} = 4\)–20 GeV have been performed to explore the possibilities of the Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) to register data from \(p+p\) collisions at the energy range of NICA. The events were generated by using the PHSD (Parton Hadron String Dynamics) generator, while the MpdRoot code was used to simulate and reconstruct the generated data. In this paper, a performance analysis of the MPD TPC for \(p+p\) at the first stage, as well as an estimation of the charged particle multiplicity is presented.

abstract

Heavy-ion collisions allow us to study properties of nuclear matter — e.g. Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP) state, where quarks and gluons are deconfined. To study space-time parameters of the source size at the final stage of the collision evolution (kinetic freeze-out), the method of femtoscopy is used. This method enables estimation of source characteristics which cannot be measured directly. Measuring the correlations of non-identical particles, one can obtain information about asymmetry in emission process between two kinds of particles. In this paper, we present a status report of a STAR analysis of pion–kaon, pion–proton and kaon–proton correlations in Au+Au collisions at \(\sqrt {s_{NN}} = 39\) GeV.

abstract

The angular correlation function (CF) refers to the correlation of particles in the relative pseudorapidity and relative azimuthal angle. It is used to study strongly interacting matter properties at relativistic energies. Recent results from the ALICE experiment at the LHC show unexpected structures of CF in the proton–proton and antiproton–antiproton correlations. These observations suggest that study of CF of identified particles can provide more detailed insight into nuclear matter properties in comparison with measurements of unidentified particles. In this paper, recent STAR experimental results from the Au+Au collisions at \(\sqrt {s_{NN}}=19.6\) GeV from the RHIC’s Beam Energy Scan will be presented.

abstract

This work shortly discusses the general idea of Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithms and emphasises their advantages over the classical PID controller. Some extensions of the rudimentary MPC techniques are briefly mentioned. Finally, the potential of MPC algorithms in high-energy physics experiments is discussed.

abstract

The article presents DCS (Distributed Control System) and SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) systems and software components in the context of using them in physical experiments. The aspects of usability, performance and system security were discussed. It shows the possibilities of communication with other automation systems and the mechanisms of customization for problems in large industrial facilities.

abstract

Equipment Database (EqDb) is an information system designed to support construction, assembly, and operation of complex equipment in scientific experiments, e.g. detectors in high-energy physics. This paper describes main features of EqDb data model.

abstract

Presented paper describes the data stream sorting and merging architecture, fitting triggerless HEP experiments. The presented architecture is implemented in FPGA. It is capable of merging multiple sorted data streams into a single output stream of up to 320 Mwords/s throughput.

abstract

Recent studies of QCD phase diagram force physicists to investigate creation of quark matter with nuclear collisions at lower energies. At the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, there is a program called Beam Energy Scan, where gold ions are collided with various energies (\(\sqrt {s_{NN}}= 7.7\), 11.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4 GeV). The lower temperatures or velocities and higher baryon chemical potential vitally change the scenario of matter production. Such behavior is now studied using EPOS3117 approach. Yields, ratio and transverse momentum spectra are examined and compared with results obtained by the STAR experiment in order to adapt the theory and validate it.

abstract

Collisions of heavy ions are very important source of information on structure of the most elementary matter components. Scientists develop experiments with heavy-ion collisions, which allow us to study the properties of strongly interacting nuclear matter at high energies. The main objective is to investigate a new state of matter — the Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP). In this state, quarks are not combined into composite particles called hadrons, but they behave as free particles. Using femtoscopic methods, information about the space-time characteristics of the particle emitting source is obtained. From correlations of identical particles, it is possible to obtain size and shape of such a source. Phenomenological models e.g. EPOS, UrQMD and Therminator are dedicated to heavy-ion collisions. In this report, theoretical predictions of protons and antiprotons correlation functions from Au+Au collisions performed at \(\sqrt {s_{NN}}\) of 7.7 GeV, 11.5 GeV, 39 GeV and 62.4 GeV from the STAR experiment program called Beam Energy Scan are presented.

abstract

Geometry and dynamics of the particle-emitting source in heavy-ion collisions at high energies can be inferred via the method of femtoscopy. The femtoscopy method uses effects of Quantum Statistics and Final State Interactions to determine the space-time properties of the source. Learning how the sizes of particle-emitting sources depend on different variables is an important step towards understanding heavy-ion collisions. The RHIC Beam Energy Scan (BES) program provides a unique possibility to study the energy dependence of the source sizes aside from the dependence from the centrality of the collision. The radii of the sources extracted from two-baryon femtoscopy along with those obtained from two-meson and meson–baryon correlations provide complementary information about the source characteristics. In this report, a status of the STAR analysis on femtoscopic correlations of protons and antiprotons in Au+Au collisions from the Beam Energy Scan is presented.

abstract

TheMulti Purpose Detector (MPD) experiment at Nuclotron based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) which is under construction at the Laboratory of High Energy Physics at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research will be studying relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Such experiments give not only experimental data, but also a variety of operational parameters which should be monitored and controlled during regular operation. For this purpose, the Slow Control System is needed. This paper shows the design brief of the Slow Control System which is being prepared for the MPD-TOF detector.

abstract

Every used RACK cabinet interior should be protected from fire danger. That is why, there are used the FRS-RACK extinguishing modules consisted of the fire and smoke detection systems and the extinguishing units. Every extinguishing action shall be automatically initiated after detection of danger. Connection to the extinguishing system shall also give an ability of remote steering and collecting data of the modules.

abstract

Slow Control Systems (SCS) are electronic systems that are used to setup, monitor and enable operation of complex hardware for physical experiments. Detectors MPD (Multi-Purpose Detector) and BM@N (Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron) at NICA (Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility) complex are some implementations of this system. For the purpose of this machinery, it will be necessary to simultaneously operate on either 64 or 128 cabinet racks. It is required to design a software that controls the system remotely because of hazardous environment for humans as there will be strong radiation and electric field.

abstract

RACK contains a great amount of electronic devices so it is obvious that it will warm up during work. To prevent damage of hardware, a productive cooling system should be installed. Currently, there is a ventilation panel but an additional control of an air circulation is also necessary. This project had in view to create a mechanism which allows to lock the ventilation duct. The software was created in LabVIEW and has different options for average and authorised user. Additionally, elements of the mechanism were designed using 3D modelling in order to print them on 3D printer.

abstract

The main subject of author’s research during Summer Student Program 2017 was to analyse how temperature of environment affects temperature inside the MPD-TOF. The results of research are satisfactory.

abstract

Temperature measurement system for electronic devices for the Slow Control System was software in LabVIEW environment in order to efficient integrate with the hardware from National Instruments. Developed program supports LUMEL P19 sensors, which can measure not only temperature but also humidity. In order to keep right condition in RACKs, there was also installed a closed air cooling system. The whole process of temperature measurement will be a part of data acquisition system. Everything is integrated in one environment and can be developed by other coworkers.

abstract

A goal of our project was to construct simple and cheap devices which can simultaneously measure temperature in many points. The system will be able to work on uranium experimental assembly in high radiation environment like Quinta assembly at Energy+Transmutation RAW Collaboration. The Quinta assembly simulates an Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS). Knowledge about energy production inside installation like this is very important for the future project of IV-generation nuclear reactors. Designed Temperature Measurement System (TMS) gives possibility to obtain this energy by using temperature-changing measurement. The system was built by ready-to-use components. We focused on communicating these devices with LabVIEW self-prepared control program and developing a reliable calibration system. This paper presents the construction way, calibration procedure and the first result of measuring.

abstract

This work presents the development of a multiplexer device used for multipoint temperature measurement system. The multiplexer consists of an 8-bit shift register driven by an AVR microcontroller. A 2-bit prototype was constructed and tested with a Slow Control dedicated temperature sensor, and a printed circuit board for the 8-bit version was designed as well. Furthermore, the multiplexer approach to multi-sensor measurements is discussed and compared to another solution, the parallel measurement approach.

abstract

During the work, the Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) which is a part of Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) located in Dubna, can burst in an accidental irradiation caused by the NICA’s failure or its abnormal functioning. It can result in the presence of the radiation exposure in the room, where the Slow Control electronic equipment is installed. Thus, there is a risk of destroying the electronics and, in the consequence, the emergency switch off of the NICA apparatus might become impossible. The article describes the method of prevention of such situation by the continuous dosimetry monitoring in the Slow Control chamber and alarming when the radiation threshold is overrun.

abstract

The aim of the project was the determining the Fast Neutron Flux Density and Transmutation Level measurements in the experimental assembly Quinta based on natural uranium, irradiated by 660 MeV proton beam from cyclotron “Phasotron” at the Laboratory of High Energy Physics, JINR Dubna. A threshold reactions Y\(^{89}\)(\(n,xn\)) were used. This paper describes the Quinta assembly, experimental results from December 2015, and average high-energy neutron calculation based on Y\(^{89}\) isotopes production. The better knowledge about neutron flux density is necessary to constructing the fourth generation nuclear reactors such as fast reactors (FR) and accelerator-driven subcritical systems (ADS).

abstract

Every electronic system working in demanding conditions requires specific cooling system. To establish appropriate operating conditions for the TOF detector, it is necessary to measure and control the temperature. For this purpose, Pt100 resistance thermometer is used. We present one of the methods verifying functioning of the mentioned resistance thermometer.

abstract

This paper contains application of the linear unbalanced bridge for the construction of near-infrared detector using sulfide-lead photoresistor. The parameters optimization of unbalanced bridge and noise analysis are described. Preliminary measurements of linearity and spectral density of noise are presented.

abstract

Multi Purpose Detector (MPD) is a part of the NICA project at JINR (Dubna). Among many control systems, Slow Control System (SCS) is dedicated to handle and control parameters of detectors which vary with relatively slow sample rate and do not depend on the experiment. This paper describes network analyzer used in the MPD supply racks, as well as automation program made in LabVIEW. This device analyzes the main supply network parameters, e.g. current, power or voltage of each of 64 supply racks. Each rack consists of many control subsystems, e.g. temperature control, gas control and many others. In order to make these subsystems coherent in terms of data transmission, LabVIEW environment has been used. The network analyzer LabVIEW automation program is one part of the whole coherent automation system, containing a variety of subVI’s connected by cluster links.

abstract

One of the main parameters of the project of technology and construction in the superconducting systems being the part of the experiment on the electron cooling system of Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) project is monitoring the temperature, the liquid helium level in the cryostat and magnetic field. In this paper, temperature monitoring system has been discussed. The temperature monitoring system is controlled to protect against adverse heat supply. Therefore, the construction of temperature monitoring system should distinguish itself in terms of a large number of sensitive sensors and high accuracy of the sensor calibration. The following paper presents the preliminary prototype of the temperature monitoring system for NICA project.

abstract

This paper presents a brief description of a design of a high-voltage power supply for GEM detectors designed by the Research Team.

abstract

Samples of stainless steel 1.4301 (EN) deformed by compression were subjected to cumulative isothermal annealing and studied using the Doppler broadening of the annihilation line spectroscopy. The initial plastic deformation induced not only generation of crystal lattice defects but also transformation from austenite to \(\alpha '\)-martensite. Annealing at the temperature below the range of the \(\alpha '\)-martensite reversion, i.e. , \(375^\circ \)C allows us to remove gradually some defects induced by plastic deformation, i.e. , vacancies which migrate to the sinks at grain boundaries. However, the final \(S\)-parameter value is significantly higher than prior the deformation. This behavior can be connected with anomalous evolution of the martensitic phase observed for annealing at temperatures between \(300^\circ \)C and \(400^\circ \)C. Annealing at \(450^{\circ }\)C caused reverse transformation of \(\alpha '\)-martensite and annealing of positron trapping defects. The final value of the \(S\)-parameter slightly higher than prior the deformation and higher microhardness value may be linked to sensitization and carbide precipitation resulting from the long-time annealing.

abstract

The paper presents results of positron annihilation spectroscopy studies of the subsurface zone in technical purity copper samples exposed to sandblasting, compression and milling. Measurements of Doppler broadening of the annihilation line were used to obtain depth profiles of defects and allowed to determine the affected zone range in the samples after given mechanical treatments. The influence of air pressure and sandblasting time was studied and compared with results obtained for milling and compression.

abstract

The aim of this paper is to use case studies from physics collaborations to determine the influence of competition for both tangible and intangible resources as well as cooperative behavior among collaboration members representing different institutions on the quality of knowledge shared by the participants and their satisfaction by the collaboration practices. An interview study spanning 33 informants in 3 international scientific projects was launched to collect data on expert views concerning relationships of cooperation and competition. This work aims at verifying the research hypothesis which claims that both cooperation and competition between teams have positive effects on the quality of knowledge created by scientific projects. The sample is limited by its size by three projects. Another limitation is associated with a small variety of scientific disciplines, which may affect the relations of cooperation. The results indicate that the effectiveness is achieved as a result of the synergy of two contradictory relationships in the process of creating high-quality knowledge in the processes of a scientific nature. The paper reports on the views of experts from many countries representing both academia and practice.

abstract

The purpose of this project is to develop a control system for positron polarisation system’s power supply unit. To solve this problem, a proper hardware is chosen. In order to control hardware, the software, divided into two separate programs, is developed. Article explains what features software deliver, why LabVIEW was used and why programs are divided.