Regular Series


Vol. 30 (1999), No. 7, pp. 2145 – 2452


Electroweak Symmetry Breaking and the Higgs Sector

abstract

These three lectures review the state of our understanding of electroweak interactions and the search for the agent of electroweak symmetry breaking. The themes of the lectures are (i) the electroweak theory and its experimental status, (ii) the standard-model Higgs boson, and (iii) aspects of electroweak theory beyond the standard SU(2)\(_{\rm L}\otimes \)U(1)\(_Y\) model.


Physics at LEP200

abstract

This talk summarizes the status of LEP200 physics and the prospective for its last two years.


Physics at DA\(\Phi \)NE

abstract

An update of the main physics items to be studied at the \(\phi \)-factory DA\(\Phi \)NE under operation in Frascati is presented. Such studies include extraction of the CP-violating parameter \(\varepsilon '/\varepsilon \), rare and very rare Kaon decays, tests of Chiral Perturbation Theory, scalar and pseudoscalar spectroscopy through radiative \(\phi \) decays, and measurement of the hadronic cross-section with aim to improve present limits on the accuracy of theoretical determination of \(\alpha _{\rm QED}(M_Z)\) and \((g-2)_{\mu }\).


RHIC Physics

abstract

A brief review of the hadronic phase transitions is presented by emphasizing the physical ideas and the main signatures of the transition in relation to the most significant results of the SPS experiments and the description of the RHIC experiments.


ANTARES: A High Energy Neutrino Undersea Telescope

abstract

Neutrinos can reveal a brand new Universe at high energies. The ANTARES collaboration, formed in 1996, works towards the building and deployment of a neutrino telescope. This detector could observe and study high energy astrophysical sources such as X-ray binary systems, young supernova remnants or Active Galactic Nuclei and help to discover or set exclusion limits on some of the elementary particles and objects that have been put forward as candidates to fill the Universe (WIMPS, neutralinos, topological deffects, Q-balls, etc.). A neutrino telescope will certainly open a new observational window and can shed light on the most energetic phenomena of the Universe. A review of the progress made by the ANTARES collaboration to achieve this goal is presented.


Ground-Based Gamma-Ray Astronomy

abstract

This paper provides a brief review of ground-based \(\gamma \)-ray Astronomy. It is intended to discuss the basic observational techniques, technological constraints, and the advantages of going down in threshold energy. Some of the major discoveries are listed — galactic and extragalactic. We discuss some of the scientific returns as otained from observations of TeV sources such as the Crab nebula, shell remnants, and active galactic nuclei. Each source provides us with a richness of new physics, which prompt us to built larger telescopes and better photon detection devices to go down in threshold energy, so that ground-based observatories can overlap in energy with space observatories.


Overview of the ATLAS Detector at LHC

abstract

ATLAS is a general-purpose experiment that will exploit the full potential of the LHC p-p collision program. The design aspects of the ATLAS sub-detectors are described here, including performance results from the prototypes being built in the past years. Most of the information is taken from the recently published Technical Design Reports for all the syb-systems of the experiment. In addition, some highlights of the LHC machine and its challenges are described in the beginning.


The MAGIC Telescope Project

abstract

Up to now the 20–300 GeV energy range has been inaccessible to gamma-ray astronomy. Here we report on a design for a 17-m \(\oslash \) air Čerenkov telescope, dubbed MAGIC telescope, which will have a threshold of 20 GeV, a large collection area of \(\gt 10^5\) m\(^2\) and a high gamma/hadron separation power. It is estimated that the hardware investments would be about 3.5 M$ and 2.5–3.5 years would be needed for the construction.


Review on Neutrino Oscillations

abstract

This article summarizes the current status of neutrino oscillations. After briefly recalling the theoretical framework of neutrino masses and mixing, we describe in more details the experimental situation. The current three experimental hints for oscillations are summarized. We discuss in some details the negative searches for \(\nu _{\mu } \to \nu _{\tau }\) oscillations at high \(\Delta m^2\). Then, the effects seen in LSND and in the solar and atmospheric neutrinos that could all be explained in terms of neutrino oscillations are described. We also address with a brief overview on the future possibilities, in particular the long baseline programmes, the solutions that will help clarify and possibly confirm or disprove the current observed effects.


Selected Topics on HERA Physics

abstract

In this talk I present some of the most relevant results obtained by the HERA experiments up to now.


B Factories and HERA-B Physics Potential

abstract

CP-violation is one of the least understood phenomena in High Energy Physics. The observation of CP violation effects in \(B\) meson decays will allow stringent tests of the Standard Model to be made and may point the way to new physics. Many high-energy laboratories around the world have developed experimental programs to measure CP violation in the b sector and improve the knowledge in the b quark sector. This paper reviews the \(B\)-physics experiments that are currently being commissioned, focusing on the asymmetric \(e^+e^-\) colliders (BABAR and BELLE) and the fixed target experiment at DESY (HERA-B).


The LHCb Experiment

abstract

LHCb is a dedicated experiment to study CP violation and other rare phenomena in \(B\)-meson decays at LHC. The detector is design to have a particle identification system based on the RICH detectors, excellent mass and decay time resolutions and a very efficient trigger system which is sensitive to both hadronic and leptonic final states. With those properties, the experiment will be able to fully exploit the large number of different kind of \(B\) mesons produced at LHC and probe physics beyond the Standard Model.


The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS)

abstract

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) is a large acceptance magnetic spectrometer to search in space for antinuclei in cosmic rays with a sensitivity \(10^4\) times better than achieved previously. In its first mission, AMS went into a ten day orbit on the Space Shuttle Discovery in June 1998. In this paper we briefly report on the detector performance during this first flight.


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