One-loop counterterms in the first order quantum gravity formalism are found on the basis of the background field method. The structure of one-loop renormalization is investigated.
Results of Monte-Carlo simulation of electromagnetic cascade development in the atmosphere are analysed. It is demonstrated that, whereas the longitudinal development is well described by commonly used analytical formulae, the simulated lateral distributions are clearly narrower than those obtained from the so-called Nishimura–Kamata–Greisen formulae. The deviations from those formulae are in fact more complicated. The lateral distributions of electrons in showers of a fixed age depend both on the level of shower starting point and on primary energy.
The electromagnetic potential of Dirac’s electric monopole is treated as an external field in the Dirac equation. The resulting mathematical problems are described and partially solved. It is shown that when the absolute value of the electric charge is equal to the absolute value of Dirac’s magnetic charge, the Dirac equation has no solutions having the Floquet property, very natural in the context.
We analyze the structure functions of nucleons bound in the nuclei of He, Al, Fe and Pb in the framework of the \({\mit \Delta } - \pi \) model. Our calculations agree well with the experimental data.
