abstract

A critical behavior before saddle-node bifurcation is examined. The existence of long-lasting periodic transients near not-yet-born periodic orbits is shown. Influence of external small perturbation is discussed. Properly chosen perturbation may stop escaping from neighborhood of these orbits. In such dynamical system we can store well-determined amount of energy for reasonably long time and by switching off external perturbation we can release this energy.

abstract

We investigate the thermodynamics of open noncritical string (charged and neutral) in an external constant magnetic field. The free energy and Hagedorn temperature are calculated. It is shown that Hagedorn temperature is the same as in the absence of constant magnetic field. We present also the expressions for the free energy and Hagedorn temperature of the neutral open noncritical string in an external constant electromagnetic field. In this case Hagedorn temperature depends on the external electric field.

abstract

For additional analysis of the experimentally observed quantities exact formulae for electromagnetic effects and leading log formulae for radiative electroweak and double bremsstrahlung effects have been applied to the results of a polarized experiment of EMC group. Their influence on the value of Ellis–Jaffe sum rule and polarized structure function \(g_1(x)\) has been discussed.

abstract

An algebraic model of mass matrix common for leptons and quarks is described. It predicts \(m_{{\nu }_{\mu }} = m_{{\nu }_{\tau }} = m_{{\nu }_{\rm e}} \simeq 0\), \(m_{\tau } = 1783.47\) MeV (with the input of experimental \(m_{{\nu }_{\rm e}} \simeq 0\), \(m_{\rm e}\), \(m_{\mu }\)) and \(m_{\mu } \simeq 10 \div 12\) MeV, \(m_{\rm d} \simeq 17 \div 18\) MeV, \(m_{\rm s} \simeq 128 \div 142\) MeV, \(m_t \simeq 149 \div 172\) GeV (with the input of \(m_{\rm c} \simeq 1.3 \div 1.5\) GeV, \(m_{\rm b} \simeq 4.5 \div 5\) GeV). The moduli of all elements of CKM matrix are predicted within their experimental limits (with the input of \(|V_{\rm us}| = 0.217 \div 0.223\)). In particular, \(|V_{\rm ub}| = 0.0036 \div 0.0037\) and \(|V_{\rm cb}| = 0.056 \div 0.057\). The phasing-invariant CP-violating phase \(\delta = \arg (V_{\rm us}V_{\rm cb}V_{\rm ub}^*V_{\rm cs}^*)\) comes out equal to \(45^{\circ } \div 55^{\circ }\). Together, the model describes sixteen masses and independent mixing parameters in terms of six free parameters, so it predicts ten independent quantities (with the input of six). Nontrivial interrelations between the lepton sector and quark sector seem to appear.

abstract

The effect of the \(\Sigma \Lambda \) coupling on the bound \(\Sigma \) hypernuclear states is investigated in the case of the \(\Sigma ^-\) hypernucleus produced in the (K\(^-\), \(\pi ^+\)) reaction on a target nucleus with double closed shells. In both \(\Sigma \) and \(\Lambda \) channels, the nuclear core is represented by a system of nucleons. The calculation of the width and energy shift of the bound \(\Sigma \) states, in which the analytical expression for the two-particle Green’s function is applied, leads to the conclusion that the \(\Sigma \Lambda \) coupling increases the binding of these states.