abstract

Plane wave solutions are investigated for the field equations of the macrophysical Generalized Field Theory. It is shown that when a geometry of the space-time is assumed, which is a small perturbation of the fiat manifold, there exists, as expected and required, an electromagnetic wave propagating in a fixed direction. It is also shown that there can exist an unperturbed wave which does not affect the geometry; however, this wave is not electromagnetic.

abstract

It is shown that when an electromagnetic field is in a given gravitational field, the invariance of gravitational potentials under spatial reflections leads to electromagnetic field having two independent polarizations. A general comment is given on the energy of the gravitational field.

abstract

Current algebra and Partially Conserved Axial-vector Current (PCAC) hypothesis are applied to study the hyperon production processes in kaon–proton interactions involving one or two pions. The differential cross-sections for the processes are normalized to the differential cross-sections for the corresponding processes without pions. Theoretical predictions for the ratio of cross-sections at various kaon laboratory momenta are compared with the experimental data. Angular distributions are also given for different incoming kaon momenta.

abstract

Three-quark nucleon wave function is constructed within the light-front framework. Quarks have running masses, which interpolate between the constituent and the current quark mass. In the spinor part of our model wave function all three Ioffe spin structures are needed. They are also required in the nucleon spinor currents in the QCD sum rules, if one asks for the maximal overlap with the state of the physical nucleon. In our calculations, the presence of three Ioffe spin structures is necessary to get simultaneously the negative value for the neutron charge radius and the decreasing \(d\,/\,u\) ratio in proton, which are well established experimental results. Selecting the coefficients in front of the Ioffe spin structures as: 1, 1.4 and 2.3, and the shape of a Gaussian distribution in the transverse momenta about 40% broader than that of the Isgur and Karl model, we get: \(\left \lt r^2 \right \gt _{\rm neutron}=- 0.11\) fm\(^2\), \(\left \lt r^2 \right \gt _{\rm proton} = 0.74\) fm\(^2\), \(\mu _{\rm neutron} =-1.7\), \(\mu _{\rm proton} = 2.8\), G\(_{\rm A}\)/G\(_{\rm V} = 1.1\), and the decreasing \(d/u\) ratio in proton’s deep inelastic scattering, if \(\chi _{\rm Bj}\) is increasing toward 1.

abstract

We point out that photino is one of the very few supersymmetric particles which may be freely produced. This, along with the fact that of all such particles photino is expected to be the least massive one, imparts on it the status of the best candidate for experimental search of supersymmetric particles.

abstract

The concept of a phenomenological superparticle is discussed as a base of an “engineermg approach” rather than a recourse to first principles. It is a hypothetical object described by the position four-vector and a Dirac bispinor as well as three dynamical variables responsible for color and two responsible for flavor. Then, the spectrum of such a superparticle arises from an interplay of three types of excitations related to spin, color and flavor. All leptons and quarks are presumed to correspond to the spin-l/2 sector of this spectrum. Two flavor dynamical variables obeying Fermi statistics generate in a natural way a lefthanded SO(5) group that unifies the electroweak SU(2) with two lepton and quark generations. Two other generations appear as a spin excitation of the two former. A form of the effective mass operator is tentatively proposed in order to describe the mass spectrum and mixing parameters of leptons and quarks in consistency with experimental data.

abstract

Perturbative QCD expectations and problems associated with the study of the photon structure function data are reviewed. An assessment is given for the viability and sensitivity of photon-photon scattering as a decisive tool for the determination of the QCD scale. Particular attention is given to the theoretical problems of singularity cancellations at \(x = 0\) and threshold-associated difficulties at \(x = 1\) and their implications on the actual data analysis. It is concluded that the experimental results, while not providing a decisive verification of QCD at small distances, do add to other independent experiments which are all consistent with the theory and suggest a reasonably well defined QCD scale parameter. The importance of the small \(Q^2\) limit to photon-photon analysis is discussed and the data is examined in an attempt to identify and isolate the contributions of the hadronic and point-like sectors of the target photon.