abstract

We briefly review experiments using accelerator neutrinos and large detectors hundreds of kilometers away. Several projects based on powerful conventional beams of neutrinos are prepared for the next decade. We describe two most promising of them, which are T2K in Japan and NO\(\nu \)A in North America.

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Any new neutrino physics at the TeV scale must include a suppression mechanism to keep its contribution to light neutrino masses small enough. We review some seesaw model examples with weakly broken lepton number, and comment on the expected effects at large colliders and in neutrino oscillations.

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Future neutrino oscillation measurement focus, at first priority, on the discovery of \(\sin ^2\,2\theta _{13}\) describing the coupling between solar and atmospheric oscillations. In this talk, we briefly discuss the prospects to measure \(\sin ^2\,2\theta _{13}\) by future reactor and beam experiments, and we illustrate the usefulness of these measurements (and their precision) from the theoretical point of view with an example.

abstract

Ultrahigh energy cosmic rays provide a unique ground for probing new physics. In this talk we review the possibility of testing TeV gravity in interactions of cosmogenic neutrinos and the potential to discover long-lived exotic particles in nucleon-produced air showers, such as gluinos of split-SUSY models or staus of supersymmetric models with a gravitino LSP.

abstract

The process of the neutrino production, oscillation in the vacuum or in matter, and detection in the case of interactions which are beyond the Standard Model is considered. Neutrino states are described by the density matrix. The final neutrino production rate does not factorize. The known Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata neutrino states and the factorized production rate are recovered in the \(\nu \)SM regime.

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We discuss some recent developments in SUSY Grand Unified Theories based on the gauge group SO(10). Considering renormalisable Yukawa couplings, we present ways to accommodate quark and lepton masses and mixings.

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We discuss the implications of new physics, which modifies the matter effect in neutrino oscillations, to long baseline experiments, particularly the MINOS experiment. An analytic formula in the presence of such a new physics interaction is derived for \(P(\nu _\mu \rightarrow \nu _e)\), which is exact in the limit \(\Delta m^2_{21}\rightarrow 0\).

abstract

We present selected constraints on the CKM quark mixing matrix elements from the \(B\) factories BaBar and Belle. In particular, we discuss the latest developments on \(|V_{ub}\,|\) from inclusive and exclusive \(b\rightarrow u\) decays and the constraints on the three angles of the unitarity triangle from various CP violation measurements. We conclude with a discussion of prospects for the future.

abstract

The status of two Monte Carlo generators, Helac-Phegas, a program for multi-jet processes and Vbfnlo, a parton level program for vector boson fusion processes at NLO QCD, is briefly presented. The aim of these tools is the simulation of events within the Standard Model at current and future high energy experiments, in particular the LHC. Some results related to the production of multi-jet final states at the LHC are also shown.

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After discussing the relevance of single-\(W\) and single-\(Z\) production processes at hadron colliders, we review the theoretical knowledge of Drell–Yan physics and present some preliminary results on the combination of electroweak and QCD corrections to a sample of observables of the process \(p p \to W^\pm \to \mu ^\pm + X\) at the LHC. Our phenomenological analysis shows that a high-precision knowledge of QCD and a careful combination of electroweak and strong contributions is mandatory in view of the anticipated LHC experimental accuracy.

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Speculations on mechanisms which might be responsible for events with an isolated high \(p_{\rm T}\) lepton, a hadron jet and missing energy, as observed in the H1 experiment at HERA, are discussed.

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We present the physics case of DAFNE-2, an \(e^+e^-\) collider expected to deliver \(20-50\) fb\(^{-1}\) at the \(\phi (1020)\) peak, and \(\sim \) 5 fb\(^{-1}\) in the energy region between 1 and 2.5 GeV.

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We briefly review the theoretical status and the open theoretical challenges in the physics of heavy quarkonium.

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We review recent progress in precision calculations and the development of Monte Carlo generators for luminosity monitoring at meson factories. It is shown how the theoretical accuracy reached by presently used large-angle Bhabha tools at meson factories is at the 0.1% level and, therefore, comparable with that reached about a decade ago for luminosity monitoring through small-angle Bhabha scattering at LEP.

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The \(B\) factories have generated a large amount of new results on the \(\tau \) lepton. The present status of some selected topics on \(\tau \) physics is presented: charged-current universality tests, bounds on lepton-flavour violation, the determination of \(\alpha _{\rm s}\) from the inclusive \(\tau \) hadronic width, and the measurement of \(|V_{us}\,|\) through the Cabibbo-suppressed decays of the \(\tau \) lepton.

abstract

Chiral low-energy constants (LECs) carry the information of short-distance dynamics involving heavier degrees of freedom not present in the chiral Lagrangian. Our knowledge of the LECs is all-important at phenomenological level because their relevance in the prediction of hadronic observables at low-energies and, on the other side, because they provide hints on the construction of a dual theory of QCD in the low-energy regime. I review briefly the status of these important couplings.

abstract

The KLOE experiment has collected an integrated luminosity of about 2.5 fb\(^{-1}\) up to the year 2006. Recent achievements in kaon physics as well as in light meson spectroscopy, based on the analysis of about 20% of the whole data sample are reviewed and presented in the following.

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Results obtained by resumming threshold logarithms in the QCD form factor are presented for the \(B \to X_c + l + \nu _l\) decays to next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. An interpolation formula is presented by including soft and collinear effects for a non-vanishing charm mass.

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The KLOE experiment at the Frascati \(\phi \)-factory DA\(\Phi \)NE, has measured the hadronic cross section \(\sigma (e^+e^-\to \pi ^+\pi ^-\gamma _{\rm \,ISR})\) using two different selection criteria for the Initial State Radiation (ISR) photon: (i) requiring the photon emission at small polar angle and (ii) detecting the photon at large polar angle in the electromagnetic calorimeter. Using a theoretical radiator function we extract the non-radiative cross section \(\sigma (e^+e^-\to \pi ^+\pi ^-)\) and we compute the \(\pi ^+\pi ^-\) contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. Results presented in this paper come from the analysis of data collected in 2002 (240 pb\(^{-1}\) of integrated luminosity) with an improved systematic uncertainty compared to a published KLOE analysis, which was based on 2001 data.

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The present status of the physics program which led to the development of the Monte Carlo event generator PHOKHARA is described. The possibility of using the radiative return method in various aspects of hadronic physics, from the measurement of the hadronic cross section to detailed investigations of the hadronic dynamics, is emphasized. New results are presented showing how to measure baryon form factors using the knowledge of their spin in baryon–antibaryon production with subsequent decay.

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The current status of the muon anomalous magnetic moment is discussed. The leading order hadronic contribution is reevaluated based on the new data on \(e^+e^-\) annihilation. The experimental value is about 3.3 standard deviations higher than the Standard Model prediction.

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We consider the factorisation properties of on-shell QCD amplitudes with massive partons in the limit when all kinematical invariants are large compared to the parton mass and discuss the structure of their infrared singularities. The dimensionally regulated soft poles and the large collinear logarithms of the parton masses exponentiate to all orders. Based on this factorisation a simple relation between massless and massive scattering amplitudes in gauge theories can be established. We present recent applications of this relation for the calculation of the two-loop virtual QCD corrections to the hadro-production of heavy quarks.

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We derive the two-loop corrections to Bhabha scattering from heavy fermions using dispersion relations. The double-box contributions are expressed by three kernel functions. Convoluting the perturbative kernels with fermionic threshold functions or with hadronic data allows to determine numerical results for small electron mass \(m_e\), combined with arbitrary values of the fermion mass \(m_f\) in the loop, \(m_e^2\ll s,\,t,\,m_{\,f}^2\), or with hadronic insertions. We present numerical results for \(m_f = m_{\,\mu },\, m_{\,\tau },\, m_{\,\rm top}\) at typical small- and large-angle kinematics ranging from 1 GeV to 500 GeV.

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We report on tensor reduction of five point integrals needed for the evaluation of loop-by-loop corrections to Bhabha scattering. As an example we demonstrate the calculation of the rank two tensor integral with cancellation of the spurious Gram determinant in the denominator. The reduction scheme is worked out for arbitrary five point processes.

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The theoretical status of NNLO QCD corrections to the inclusive radiative \(\overline B \to X_s \gamma \) decay in the standard model is briefly overviewed. Emphasis is put on recent results for three-loop fermionic corrections to matrix elements of the most relevant four-quark operators.

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We calculate the O(\(\varepsilon \))-term of the two-loop massive operator matrix elements for twist 2-operators, which contribute to the heavy flavour Wilson coefficients in unpolarised deep–inelastic scattering in the asymptotic limit \(Q^2 \gg m^2\). Our calculation was performed in Mellin space using Mellin–Barnes integrals and generalised hypergeometric functions. The O(\(\varepsilon \))-term contributes in the renormalisation at 3-loop order.

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In this paper a non-singlet QCD analysis of the structure function \(F_2\) in LO, NLO and NNLO is performed based on the Jacobi polynomials. For parameterization we used world data for charged lepton scattering. We determine the valence quark densities in a wide range of \(x\) and \(Q^2\).

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We present the analysis of CP-violating effects in non-diagonal chargino pair production in \(e^+e^-\) collisions. These effects appear only at the one-loop level. We show that CP-odd asymmetries in chargino production are sensitive to the phases of \(\mu \) and \(A_{\,t}\) parameters and can be of the order of a few %.

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We report on a recent calculation of the two-loop virtual QCD corrections to the \(W\) boson pair production in the quark–anti-quark-annihilation channel in the limit where all kinematical invariants are large compared to the mass of the \(W\) boson. Our result is exact up to terms suppressed by powers of the W boson mass. The infrared pole structure is in agreement with the prediction of Catani’s general formalism for the singularities of two-loop QCD amplitudes.

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We review the main features of the recently presented method for the evaluation of one-loop amplitudes of arbitrary scattering processes, in which the reduction to scalar integrals is performed at the integrand level. The coefficients of the scalar integrals are extracted by means of simple algebraic equations constructed by numerically evaluating the numerator of the integrand for specific choices of the integration momentum. The method is very well suited for an automatized and efficient implementation.

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The status of the International Linear Collider and its planned experiments is presented.

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For the planned International Linear Collider it is intended to have both — electron and positron — beams polarised. This offers a great benefit for many physics studies, but also provides a challenge for the engineering of the machine. A polarised positron source that meets the machine parameters is topic of current design studies and prototype experiments.

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The physics case of the International Linear Collider is presented following the recently published ILC — Reference Design Report.

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We discuss the reaction of associated production of the top quark pair and Higgs boson at the future International Linear Collider. We assume that the Higgs boson is light and hence, due to its very small decay width, it is produced on mass shell while the top quarks are produced off shell and they decay, each into 3 fermions. This causes a necessity of studying reactions with seven particles in the final state. Concentrating on one semileptonic channel of such reaction, we illustrate the off mass shell effects and calculate the off resonance background contributions. The latter are calculated with the use of a program carlomat for automatic computation of multiparticle cross sections.

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Perturbative unitarity for \(W^+_L W^-_L \to W^+_L W^-_L\) scattering is discussed within the Randall–Sundrum model. It is shown that the exchange of massive 4D Kaluza–Klein gravitons leads to amplitudes growing linearly with the CM energy squared. Summing over KK gravitons up to a scale \(\bar {\mit \Lambda }\) and testing unitarity at \(\sqrt {s}=\bar {\mit \Lambda }\), one finds that unitarity is violated for \(\bar {\mit \Lambda }\) below the ‘naive dimensional analysis’ scale, \({\mit \Lambda }_{\rm NDA}\). It is also shown that the exchange of gravitons can substantially relax the upper limit from unitarity on the mass of the Standard Model Higgs boson — consistency with unitarity for all \(\sqrt {s}\) below \(\bar {\mit \Lambda }\) is possible for \(m_h\) as large as 1.4 TeV, depending on the curvature of the background metric. Observation of the mass and width (or cross section) of one or more KK gravitons at the LHC will directly determine the curvature and the scale \({\mit \Lambda }_W\) specifying the couplings of matter to the KK gravitons. With this information and a measurement of the Higgs boson mass it will be possible to determine the precise \(\sqrt {s}\) value below which unitarity will remain valid.

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We study higher dimensional models with a cutoff \( {\mit \Lambda } \) and determine conditions under which brane configurations can be generated by dynamics at scales below \( {\mit \Lambda } \). Then we study the stability of these configurations.

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We show that the differential-geometric description of matter by differential structures of spacetime leads to a unifying model of the three types of energy in the cosmos: matter, dark matter and dark energy. Using this model we are able to calculate the ratio of dark energy to the total energy of the cosmos.

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The Higher YM theories generalize these of the standard model of particles. From the string theory side, the geometrical constructions of gerbes appear, when describing non-vanishing \(B\)-fields on branes. Both, higher YM and gerbes are proved to be the same mathematical object. Thus, a natural candidate for the intermediate stage of the compactification in string theory appears. Moreover, replacing smooth 2-spaces by some categories of smooth topoi gives rise to the generalized spacetime based on topoi.

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We study phenomenological consequences of a noncommutative extension of the standard model in the \(\theta \)-expanded approach at the LHC and ILC. We estimate the sensitivity of the LHC and the ILC for the noncommutative scale \({\mit \Lambda }_{\rm NC}\) and demonstrate the complementarity of the experiments at the two colliders.